PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF A WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK–BASED SMART FARM SYSTEM FOR IRRIGATION AND FLOOD MONITORING

Abstract

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are increasingly utilized in precision agriculture because they enable real-time environmental monitoring and automated control. Although extensive research exists on smart irrigation architectures, relatively few studies systematically evaluate operational performance under real deployment conditions. This study presents a comprehensive performance evaluation of a WSN-based smart farm system designed for automated irrigation and flood monitoring. Key performance indicators evaluated include system response latency, sensor reliability, wireless communication reliability, control decision accuracy, energy consumption, and operational stability. Statistical analyses employed mean estimation, standard deviation, coefficient of variation (CV), confidence interval (CI), and hypothesis testing using Student’s t-distribution. Experimental results from 30 independent trials per condition indicate an average actuator response time of approximately 2.04 s with low variability (SD < 0.12 s) and a 95% confidence interval within ±0.04 s. Communication reliability reached 100% packet success within a 50 m RF range. Sensor repeatability demonstrated CV values below 2%, indicating measurement stability. Hypothesis testing confirmed that the system response time is significantly below 3 seconds (p < 0.05). These findings demonstrate the technical viability and operational robustness of the proposed system for small- and medium-scale agricultural deployment in resource-constrained environments.

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